Fluid-Structure Interaction in Biological Media / FSI
Mahdi Moradkhani; Bahman Vahidi
Volume 9, Issue 2 , July 2015, , Pages 179-190
Abstract
Investigating the mechanical stimuli on stem cells under in vitro and in vivo conditions is a very important topic to achieve an ability tocontrol the cellular responses like growth, proliferation and differentiation. Many investigations carried out about biomechanical factors involved in this phenomenon ...
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Investigating the mechanical stimuli on stem cells under in vitro and in vivo conditions is a very important topic to achieve an ability tocontrol the cellular responses like growth, proliferation and differentiation. Many investigations carried out about biomechanical factors involved in this phenomenon and nowadays, it is proved that some factors like as cell morphology, subcellular elements configuration, scaffold architecture, substrate stiffness and mechanical stimulation via substrate displacement or fluid flow, have got an important effecton cellular responses. In this study, we have tried to evaluate the responses of a stem cell to the stiffness and thickness of the substrate by the means of finite element method. For this purpose, we have used collagen-based scaffolds as the artificial ECM and a cell culture in a bioreactor with fluid flow was simulated. By use of fluid-structure interaction method and solving the equations in two-way coupling scheme, the results show that the increase in thickness and stiffness of the substrate will result in15 percent change in cell-substrate stresses, respectively. Also, it was seen that the change of substrate stiffness only in the range of 0.1-100 KPa could affect the cell response to an external stimulation. These results, along with other similar investigations, could be used as an instructor by the researchers to optimize the stem cell’s microenvironment in vitro, and finally get the most out of their stem cell related Investigations.
Mehran Ashrafi; Farzan Ghalichi; Behnam Mirzakouchaki
Volume 9, Issue 1 , April 2015, , Pages 49-57
Abstract
Periodontal ligament (PDL) is a soft fibrous tissuewhich is located between tooth and alveolar bone. Because the tissue is softer than the surrounding tissue, tooth movement is forced to follow the movement of the soft tissue. The goal of this study is comparison of periodentium related to single and ...
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Periodontal ligament (PDL) is a soft fibrous tissuewhich is located between tooth and alveolar bone. Because the tissue is softer than the surrounding tissue, tooth movement is forced to follow the movement of the soft tissue. The goal of this study is comparison of periodentium related to single and two root teeth behavior with applying different loads. The modeling of the real 3D geometry of incisor and premolar periodentium is carried out using micro CT scan. PDL is considered as hyperelastic material and stress-strain distribution was investigated by applying different loads. The results of finite element simulation show that tooth displacement with different loading is not necessarily in direction of loading and also stress distribution show that PDL absorbs the stresses, consequently alveolar carry less stresses. Strain distribution in PDL and alveolar bone stress represents uniform distribution of force in two root tooth. The analogy of results shows the accommodation with pervious studies.
Biomechanics of Bone / Bone Biomechanics
Mohammad Nikkhoo; Ali Tahassori; Mohammad Haghpanahi
Volume 8, Issue 3 , September 2014, , Pages 203-212
Abstract
To develop the advanced technologies in medical device industry, design and manufacturing of cervical cage was performed in Iran for the first time. This research-based industrial project should be accomplished based on precise biomechanical studies and mechanical tests. Hence, this study presents the ...
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To develop the advanced technologies in medical device industry, design and manufacturing of cervical cage was performed in Iran for the first time. This research-based industrial project should be accomplished based on precise biomechanical studies and mechanical tests. Hence, this study presents the optimization and biomechanical functional investigations of the first Iranian cervical cage (Manufactured by Attila Ortopaed Co.). For this purpose the intact cervical spine (C2-C7) was developed and was validated with in-vitro experiments. Three inputs (i.e. geometrical parameters of the cage) and two outputs (i.e. deformation of the teeth in static and dynamic tests) parameters were selected for optimization procedure. Furthermore, the surgery in C5-C6 level was simulated by implanting the cervical cage. Finally, the biomechanical responses were investigated. The result confirmed that the biomechanical response of cervical cage is within the standard range and can be used well in clinics for surgical procedures.
