نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی برق، دانشکده مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران

2 استادیار، گروه بیوالکتریک، دانشکده مهندسی برق، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران

3 استادیار، مرکـز تحقیـقات سرطان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه رادیوتراپی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، ایران

چکیده

سرطان پس از بیماری‌های قلبی و تصادفات، سومین عامل اصلی مرگ در ایران است. مدل‌های ریاضی و محاسباتی، کمک بزرگی به مطالعة پدیده‌های مرتبط با رشد سرطان می­کنند. این مدل­ها، حتی می توانند به بهبود درمان‌های فعلی و معرفی روش‌های درمانی جدید، منجر شوند. در این مقاله، با استفاده از مفهوم اتوماتای سلولی و با تکیه بر اثر  ریزمحیط اطراف تومور، مدلی چند‌مقیاسه از رشد سرطان معرفی شد. دو شبکة مربعی مجزا، شامل شبکة متابولیک و شبکة سلولی، در‌نظر‌گرفته شد. شبکة سلولی دارای چهار حالت سلولی سرطانی تکثیر‌شونده، سرطانی غیر‌تکثیر‌شونده، نکروتیک و سلول سالم می­باشد. تغییر حالت سلول‌ها و رشد تومور، در این شبکه انجام می‌شود. تولید، مصرف و انتشار مواد غذایی، شامل اکسیژن، گلوکز و مواد زائد، شامل اسید لاکتیک، در شبکة متابولیک انجام می‌شود. در این تحقیق، قوانین تغییر حالات هر سلول با استفاده از مدلی تصادفی و بر‌مبنای سطح غلظت مواد غذایی و زائد، تعیین شده است. در این مقاله، علاوه‌بر نمایش گرافیکی دو‌بعدی رشد تومور، پارامترهای کسر رشد و کسر نکروتیک، به‌عنوان خروجی‌های مدل، در‌نظر‌گرفته شده‌اند. تغییرات سطح مواد غذایی و زائد در شبکة متابولیک و اثر اسیدیتة محیط بر رشد تومور، در این مقاله گزارش شده است. مدل پیشنهادی در این مقاله، با استفاده از داده­های تجربی in vivoاعتبار‌سنجی شده است. نتایج، حاکی از توانایی مدل برای شبیه‌سازی رشد تومور در شرایط خواسته‌شده می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Multiscale Hybrid Cellular Automata Model of Tumor Growth: The Impact of Nutrient and Acidity on Tumor Growth

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fateme Pourhasan Zade 1
  • Seyed Hojat Sabzpoushan 2
  • Ali Mohammad Alizade 3
  • Ebrahim Esmati 4

1 Ph.D candidate, Biomedical engineering Department, Research laboratory of Biomedical signals and sensors, Iran University of Sciences and Technology (I.U.S.T), Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Biomedical engineering Department, Research laboratory of Biomedical signals and sensors, Iran University of Sciences and Technology (I.U.S.T), Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

4 Associat Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Cancer is the third leading cause of death in Iran after cardiac diseases and car accidents. Mathematical and computational models are great help to better understand cancer related phenomena. It may even improve common therapies or introduce new therapies. In this paper, a new multiscale cellular automata model of tumor growth based on the tumor micro-environment is introduced. Two separate square lattices are presumed for metabolic and cellular spaces. One of the following four states can be devoted to each cell in the cellular lattice: proliferating cancer, non- proliferating cancer, necrotic, and normal cells. Changing the cell's state and tumor growth is discussed in this lattice. However, production/consumption, and the diffusion of nutrients (oxygen and glucose) and also waste products including lactic acid are studied in the metabolic lattice. In this study, we determined the stochastic rules of altering the states of each cell based on the concentration rates of nutrients and lactic acid. The growth fraction and necrotic fraction were used as output parameters beside a 2-D graphical display of growth. The changes in the level of nutrients in the metabolic lattice and the effect of acidity on the growth of tumor have been reported in this paper. Our simulations faithfully reproduce the in vivo experimental observations reported for cholangiocarcinoma.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tumor growth
  • multiscale modeling
  • Cellular automata
  • tumor microenvironment
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